imported>Gydbwiki at 12:44, 22 March 2010

2010-03-22T12:44:41Z

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{{Element
|genbank=[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=nucleotide&val=9625564 9625564]
|type=
|genus= Badnavirus
|subfamily= Class 2
|family= Caulimoviridae
|group= LTR retroelements
|description=''Commelina yellow mottle virus'' (ComYMV or CoYMV) is a pararetrovirus infecting the monocot weed ''Commelina diffusa'', a species of perennial or annual herbaceous plants commonly called "dayflowers" belonging to ''Commelina'' genus ([[Literature:100679|Migliori and Lastra 1978]]; [[Literature:49349|Medberry ''et al.'' 1990]]). ComYMV represents the type member for the genus ''Badnavirus'' of ''Caulimoviridae'' family (''International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses'' -ICTV- [[Literature:100589|Fauquet ''et al''. 2005]]) and according to [[Literature:100596|Llorens ''et al''. 2009]] it is located within Class 2 of the [[Caulimoviridae|''Caulimoviridae'']] family.

ComYMV has non-enveloped bacilliform particles of 133 x 24 nm containing a circular dsDNA of about 7.4 Kb in size (7489 bp long) ([[Literature:100676|Lockhart 1990]]; [[Literature:49349|Medberry ''et al.'' 1990]]). Although had been identified five putative open reading frames (ORFs) -three of these located on the plus-strand of the genome (ORFs I, II, III) and other two on the minus-strand (designated x and y and encoding proteins larger than 10 kDa)- it is likely that only the three ORFs of the plus-strand are expressed ([[Literature:49349|Medberry ''et al.'' 1990]]). The functions of the putative ORF I and ORF II products (200 and 135 amino acids (aa) long, respectively) have not been well described yet. However has been demonstrated that the protein potentially encoded by ORF I is associated to the virion (VAP) and probably it plays a role in virion maturation ([[Literature:100677|Cheng ''et al.'' 1996]]). The smallest ORF II protein has been localized to the external surface of the virion and it has been suggested its association with both mature and immature virions ([[Literature:100677|Cheng ''et al.'' 1996]]). The polyprotein encoded by ORF III contains the typical ''Badnavirus'' cell-to-cell movement protein (MOV) ([[Literature:100758|Cheng ''et al.'' 1998]]), viral coat protein (COAT), aspartic protease (PR), reverse transcriptase (RT) and RNase H (RH) domains ([[Literature:49349|Medberry ''et al.'' 1990]]; [[Literature:100678|Tzafrir ''et al.'' 1997]]). It includes a "RNA-binding" motif sequence "C-X-C-X2-C-X4-H-X4-C" and a second large cysteine-rich region "C-X2-C-X11-C-X2-C-X4-C-X2-C" (only observed in Badna- and Tungroviruses) located at the C-terminus of the COAT (gag)-like region and similar to those identified in the nucleocapsid domains of LTR retroelements ([[Literature:100596|Llorens ''et al''. 2009]]).

Mealybugs are the natural vectors for ComYMV, but the virus can also be transmitted both mechanically and by Agroinoculation ([[Literature:100676|Lockhart 1990]]; [[Literature:49349|Medberry ''et al.'' 1990]]; [[Literature:100677|Cheng ''et al.'' 1996]]; [[Literature:100678|Tzafrir ''et al.'' 1997]]).
|structure=ComYMV.png
|host=Commelina diffusa
|hostpic=Commelina_diffusa.jpg
|literature=
|picowner=[http://www.hear.org/starr/plants/images/image/?q=050107-2916 Courtesy of Forest & Kim Starr, Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR)]
}}
[[Category:Element]]

Element:ComYMV - Revision history

imported>Gydbwiki at 12:44, 22 March 2010