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{{Element
|genbank=[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=nucleotide&val=323957 M36968]
|type=
Feline lentiviruses
|genus=
Lentivirus
|subfamily=
Class 2
|family=
Retroviridae
|group=
LTR retroelements
|description= ''Feline Immunodeficiency Virus'' (FIV), also called ''Feline T-lymphotropic Virus'' (FTLV), is a complex retrovirus similar to HIV. This retrovirus was originally isolated from infected cats in peripheral blood lymphocytes ([[Literature:58433|Pedersen ''et al.'' 1987]]). Due to its induction for an immunodeficiency status in domestic cats, this retrovirus was later called FIV ([[Literature:84228|Yamamoto ''et al.'' 1988a]]). Along with Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses (SIVs), FIV is considered to be an important AIDS infection model in small animals for helping to develop therapy against the HIV infection ([[Literature:31636|Hohdatsu ''et al.'' 2000]]). FIV is usually inoculated through infected cat bites ([[Literature:58432|Pedersen ''et al.'' 1989]]) and several studies suggest that male street cats are the main group of risk ([[Literature:84229|Yamamoto ''et al.'' 1988b]]; [[Literature:85409|Grindem ''et al.'' 1989]]). The reversion of the blood ratio between CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes has been reported by several authors in infected and symptomatic cats ([[Literature:55259|Novotney ''et al.'' 1990]]; [[Literature:77205|Tompkins ''et al''. 1991]]; [[Literature:31546|Hoffmann-Fezer ''et al.'' 1992]]).

The infection presents three stages of clinic symptomatology:

#Initial stage: Characterized by detectable viremia and a sudden reduction of CD4+ lymphocytes in the peripheral blood
#Asymptomatic stage: Variable, depending on the animal, and characterized by certain stability in the CD4+ levels
#Final stage: Identified by the classic symptomatology associated with the Immunodeficiency Syndrome.

The genomic structure of FIV is 9.4 Kb in size including LTRs of 360 nt. The internal region of this retrovirus displays a Primer Binding Site (PBS) complementary to a tRNALys3, Open Reading Frames (ORFs) for ''gag'', ''pol'' and ''env'' genes characteristic of retroviruses, ''orf1'' (''vif'') and ''rev'' (both expanded in two exons), which are two accessory genes common in other lentiviruses, orf2 (A), and adjacent to the 3´LTR the Polypurine Tract (PPT) common to other LTR retroelements ([[Literature:75562|Talbott ''et al.'' 1989]]; [[Literature:59372|Phillips ''et al.'' 1990]]). As other non-primate lentiviruses, FIV displays between the RNase H and INT domains, an ORF coding for a dUTPase similar to that observed in betaretroviruses, N-terminal to the PR domain ([[Literature:20174|Elder ''et al.'' 1992]]; [[Literature:58348|Payne and Elder 2001]] and references therein).

|structure=Fiv.png
|host=Felis catus
|hostpic=Felis_catus.gif
|literature=
*[[Literature:14014|Retroviruses. (Coffin, Hugges and Varmus 1997)]]
|picowner=[http://www.biotechvana.com Image, Carlos Llorens, Copyright, GyDB, Biotech Vana]
}}

Element:FIV - Revision history

imported>Gydbwiki at 07:49, 4 May 2010