imported>Ldominguez at 08:46, 3 May 2010

2010-05-03T08:46:24Z

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{{Element
|genbank=[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?db=nucleotide&val=12083048 AF326584]
|type=
Oncovirinae C-type
|genus=
Deltaretrovirus
|subfamily=
Class 2
|family=
Retroviridae
|group=
LTR retroelements
|description= ''Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 2'' (HTLV-2) is a complex retrovirus originally identified in a T-cell line from a patient with hairy-cell leukemia ([[Literature:85415|Kalyanaraman ''et al.'' 1982]]). Along with the HTLV-1, this retrovirus presents lymphocyte tropisms, and also induces chronic lymphocytic leukemia in human T cells. Two major and closely related molecular subtypes of HTLV-2 designated HTLV-2A and 2B have been described differing in the p21 ENV gene by 4%. HTLV-2A is mainly present in intravenous drug addicts of United States, while 2B is found primarily in the native populations of North, Central, and South America. Both HTLV-2 subtypes are present in Africa. Most recently, a divergent variant of subtype A, termed HTLV-2C, has also been described in Amerindian tribes and Brazil ([[Literature:19238|Dube ''et al.'' 1993]]; [[Literature:85488|Hall ''et al.'' 1994]]; [[Literature:57683|Pardi ''et al.'' 1995]]; [[Literature:85487|Poiesz ''et al.'' 1993]]; [[Literature:73711|Switzer ''et al.'' 1995]]; [[Literature:20061|Eiraku ''et al.'' 1996]]; [[Literature:15225|Covas and Kashima 2003]]).

The genomic structure of HTLV-2 is 8.9 Kb in size including LTRs of 0.7 Kb. The internal region displays a Primer Binding Site (PBS) complementary to a tRNA<sup>Pro</sup>; Open Reading Frames (ORFs) for ''gag'', ''pol'' and ''env'' genes characteristic of retroviruses. HTLV-2 displays a region termed the pX region, which contains the accessory genes ''rex'' and ''tax'' (both essential for viral replication and cellular transformation in infected cells), as well as two ORFs that encode for the proteins Tof and Rof (see [[Accessory_Genes|accessory genes]]), and the Polypurine Tract (PPT) common to all retroviruses ([[Literature:69367|Shimotohno ''et al.'' 1984]]; [[Literature:15225|Covas and Kashima 2003]]).
|structure=Htlv-2.png
|host=Homo sapiens
|hostpic=Homo_sapiens.gif
|literature=
*[[Literature:14014|Retroviruses. (Coffin, Hugges and Varmus 1997)]]
|picowner=[http://www.biotechvana.com Image, Carlos Llorens, Copyright, GyDB, Biotech Vana]
}}

Element:HTLV-2 - Revision history

imported>Ldominguez at 08:46, 3 May 2010